![]() When this figure has two of its sides parallel to each other, it is sometimes called a trapezoid. Trapezium, in Geometry, a plane figure of four straight sides, of which opposites are not parallel.Hutton’s exact definition of trapezium and trapezoid in 1795 in a book, A Philosophical and Mathematical Dictionary: Containing an Explanation of Terms, is defined below: This error was corrected in British English around 1875, but remained in American English until the early twentieth century. no parallel sides – a trapezoid (τραπεζoειδή, trapezoeidé, literally trapezium-like (εἶδος means “resembles”) in the same way that cuboid and rhomboid both mean cube-like.Īll European languages, including English, followed Proclus’s structure until the late 18th century when an influential mathematical dictionary published in 1795 by Charles Hutton implicitly supported a transposition of the terms.one pair of parallel sides – a trapezium (τραπέζιοv), which can be classified as isosceles (equal legs) or scalene (unequal legs) trapeziums and.Proclus (412–485 AD) introduced two types of trapezia in his commentary on the first book of Euclid’s Elements: Trapezia means “a table,” from (tetrás), “four,” and (péza), “a foot end, border, edge”. And one of which did not have two sets of parallel sides – a τραπέζια. Is it a trapezoid or trapezium?Įuclid, an ancient Greek mathematician, defined five types of quadrilaterals, four of which had two sets of parallel sides: square, rectangle, rhombus, and rhomboid. Rectangles have mirror symmetry on their mid-edges rhombuses have mirror symmetry on their vertices, and squares have both mid-edges and vertices. This definition corresponds to its application in higher mathematics, such as calculus.Īll parallelograms (including rhombuses, rectangles, and squares) are trapezoids by the inclusive definition. Others define a trapezoid as a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides, classifying the parallelogram as a subtype of a trapezoid. According to some, a trapezoid is defined as a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides, excluding parallelograms. There is some debate over whether parallelograms, which have two parallel pairs of sides, should be considered trapezoids. ![]() The figure below shows the parts and a sample of how a trapezoid looks like. ![]() The altitude is the shortest distance between two parallel sides. The non-parallel sides of a trapezoid are referred to as the legs or lateral sides. Two parallel sides of a trapezoid are referred to as the bases of the trapezoid. ![]() In Euclidean geometry, a convex quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides is called a trapezium outside North America but a trapezoid in American and Canadian English.Ī trapezoid is a closed two-dimensional figure with four sides. calculate the perimeter of a trapezoid and.determine the different types of trapezoid.state all the properties of a trapezoid.differentiate a trapezoid from a trapezium.know the exclusive and inclusive definition of a trapezoid.What is the significance of trapezoids?Īfter reading this article, you will be able to:.What are the properties of a trapezoid?.
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